The European train system is generally fantastic and makes it convenient and easy to get around. Certainly for travel between big cities it is the best way to go – it removes the travel time it takes getting to the airport and going through security. Even on trains such as the Eurostar through the Chunnel where there is security, it takes you from city center to city center and security is less onerous than when flying. Be aware that trains are not always the cheapest way to go and European discount airlines may be much better deals – especially for longer flights. However the benefits of trains are they are more comfortable (you can get up an walk around), you get to enjoy the scenery, they’re better for the environment, and can save you a hotel room (if you take a night train).
Booking
For point to point tickets try trainline.com which gets you to most train options for tickets. There are individual country system websites as well. The Deutsche Bahn has a great website and phone app that works in multiple countries for schedules. In general it’s better to book all trains ahead of time if possible. This isn’t alway something you can do, however the prices are typically better if you can.
Eurail pass
Consider a eurail pass if you are going to do a lot of travel by train. Be aware that there are restrictions so check that your train is available. Most are available, but in some cases they will require a paid reservation. All high speed (Eurostar, TGV, etc) require a reservation and sell out – book in advance. You can get a single country or a few counties and tailor your pass to your days of travel and locations. You can get a first class or second class pass – we think second class is generally fine. Make sure if you are using the Eurail pass, you plan carefully in advance. Not every train is eligible, meaning you can get stuck on a local train that takes three times as long to get to your destination (speaking from personal experience when we missed seeing Sevilla because of this exact issue). Make sure you know the high speed direct trains you are eligible for. You will also be made to pay on a train if you get on one that the Eurail does not work on.
Finding your way
This can be a bit daunting at first but you will get the hang of it. Generally there is a large area with shops/food stalls and a central board that posts all trains and platforms. First find your platform (generally posted 15 minutes before) – until this, you just have to wait around. Then verify the train is going where you need it to (you may need to ask, do not be shy). Finally on longer trips cars may split off – make sure your carriage is going to the right place (you may need to ask). Be sure and get to the station early enough – the Eurostar for example wants you there at least 45 minutes before departure.
Validation
Tickets need to be activated – unless printed at home or stored on your phone. This is a weird concept. You bought your ticket/collected your ticket from a kiosk or window and you think you’re ready to ride. You’re not. You must find a machine to stamp your ticket. If you don’t know where it is, ask. You cannot get on a train without an activated ticket in most countries – the ticket agents on the train are not accommodating to this. Your eurail pass will also need activation at a ticket window the first time you use it. Plan your time accordingly at the station.
Passport Checks
If you are crossing from a non-EU country into an EU country (or vice versa) you will have to show your passport. Usually if you’re on an overnight train they will do you the courtesy of checking it before you go to bed (rather than when you cross the border).
Baggage
Baggage check in the form of a locker is available at many of the larger stations, which is nice if you’re just exploring a city for the day to move onto another city that evening. On the train, large bags may go near the door – smaller bags (the kind you will have – you clever traveller) can go in the bins above your seat where they are safer.
Sleeper Trains
Sometimes you can catch a sleeper train and save yourself a hotel room for the night. Sleeper trains/cabins must be booked ahead (and definitely go for one if you’re riding an overnight train). They’re generally as comfortable as a hostel bed, but you can often get a private sleeper cabin. While there is not a shower, you’ll be able to wash your face and brush your teeth. Usually there is a lock on the door (for extra safety overnight) as well as curtains that close. You may have to show your passport to a ticket agent before you go to bed if you’re crossing into a country that requires a check. Then, go to bed and let the chug-chugging of the train lull you to sleep. The biggest benefit: you’ll arrive in the morning at your destination and save money in the process!
Disembarking
Trains will stop for various length of time depending if you’re exiting at a small town, big city, or train terminal. Be prepared. If you’re getting off at a small town (for instance you’re in Belgium and getting off in Bruges), you should anticipate your stop (it may only stop for 5 minutes or less) and be ready, queuing up with your luggage as the train is slowing down. The doors may or may not open automatically – this is important to know! You may have to hit a button on the side of the door to get it to open. First, make sure you’re on the right side of the train/at the right door to open it. Push the button once the train stops (usually the button flashes green). This seems silly, but if you do not you may miss your station entirely and have to backtrack. It might be a good idea to see how people get off a stop in advance just so you know what you’re doing.
Extra Advice for Female Solo Travelers
It is generally safe to travel on trains solo in Europe as a female. However, we always recommend extra caution. I have had incidences on trains that have made me uncomfortable and you should know what to do if that happens. First, pick a crowded car. Do not pick an empty car (even if it’s the middle of the day). Look for one with a fair number of other people (safety in numbers). If someone is making you uncomfortable on the train, move. Sit closer to someone else. I once asked a couple if they would pretend to be my friends for the rest of the train ride because someone made me feel uncomfortable, and we chatted away the rest of the time. If someone does something overtly illegal or harassing, find a train officer or ticket agent and tell them. You deserve to ride in peace and not be harassed. Watch your purse and bags, especially if you are alone. As always, there should be a slightly higher radar up for untoward behavior towards you if you are traveling by yourself. Follow basic common sense and safety measures and you’ll get to enjoy beautiful scenery as you coast to your destination.